Individual student factors and educational success: Exploring personal influences on KCSE performance in Samburu County's public secondary schools

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the student-related factors influencing the performance of students in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examinations in public secondary schools in Samburu County, a region predominantly inhabited by nomadic pastoralists. Despite various educational advancements in Kenya, such as increased enrollment and free secondary education, academic performance, particularly in Samburu County, has remained low. The average KCSE performance in the region has been consistently poor, with an average mean score of 4.4 (D+) over a ten-year period (2001-2010), highlighting the need for an in-depth investigation of the factors affecting academic outcomes. The study utilised a descriptive survey design, interviewing Form IV school leavers and high school principals through structured questionnaires. The research focused on student-related factors such as school attendance, KCPE performance, study time input, and post-high school goals. Data were analysed using mean, frequencies, and p-values. The study found that student-related factors such as inadequate study time, lack of school fees, lack of role models, and unclear post-high school goals significantly influenced KCSE performance. School attendance and prior academic achievement were also key factors, while relationships with peers were found to be less impactful. The study concluded that student-related factors, particularly those related to study habits and financial constraints, are critical determinants of KCSE performance in Samburu County. The study recommends addressing financial barriers, promoting role models, and enhancing students' academic goals to improve performance. Additionally, a multi-faceted approach is suggested, including community development programs to assist parents and flexible education models to cater to the unique needs of nomadic pastoralist students.